14. 6. 2026
Our study, which proposes improvements to decision-making in legal capacity cases, has been published.
We focused on a question that may seem minor, but is in fact crucial: how courts ask expert witnesses questions. Because the quality of the answer often depends on the quality of the question.
Based on actual court orders from two judicial regions, we conducted a qualitative cluster analysis in which we identified semantic groups of expert questions and their superordinate categories.
After comparing what the judiciary actually needs from experts, we were able to implement the main idea: to reformulate the wording of questions so that they do not prompt experts to provide “is / is not capable” type answers. Such questions tend to lead to categorical conclusions in expert opinions, which may sometimes encourage the court to adopt them as the basis for subsequent decisions.
Judges are human, too. Research on cognitive biases in legal decision-making has long shown that the way a problem is framed can influence subsequent judgments and decisions, including through framing and anchoring. This issue is also well known from Tversky and Kahneman’s classic study on decision-making under framing.
In other words, if a question is posed in a way that leads the expert toward a categorical answer, there is a risk that the court’s attention will be focused more on accepting the resulting conclusion than on independently assessing the description of the person’s abilities, limitations, and actual functioning.
By contrast, questions that encourage experts to describe the person’s condition and functioning enable the court to form a qualified understanding of the person’s abilities, limitations, need for support, and real-life context. This is crucial in legal capacity cases, because such decisions are intended to protect the person, while at the same time they may significantly interfere with their autonomy and rights.
Link to our study here.
7. 6. 2026
On 9 June 2026, Zuzana Piussi’s report Rozpleteno: Lov na osamělá srdce (Unraveled: The Hunt for Lonely Hearts) will be broadcast. The report addresses the issue of online romance scams, which are based on exploiting emotions, trust, the desire for closeness, and feelings of loneliness.
A romance scam is not merely a financial fraud. It is a form of emotional manipulation that can affect even an educated and cautious person — especially at a time when they feel alone. Dr. Jiří Závora, a member of our institute, also appears in the report on this topic.
27. 5. 2026
1. 4. 2026
21.-22. 5. 2026
5.-6. 5. 2026
1. 5. 2026
16. 3. 2026
4. 3. 2026
Dr. Jiří Závora delivered a training session at BDO on the expert witness procedure. This follows the workshops we have been organizing for attorneys for the second year. While we teach attorneys to read expert reports from the conclusions back to the sources, we teach expert witnesses to build their reports from the data sources upward. The atmosphere at BDO was excellent, and Dr. Lukáš Křístek contributed to it greatly, both personally and professionally.
25. 2. 2026
On 25 February 2026, a professional dialogue with AZO experts took place in Brno, focusing on questions submitted in advance by the participants. Dr. Jiří Závora, a member of our institute, was among those responding to the questions. This format made it possible to address directly the practical issues that repeatedly arise in expert practice. A brief vertical analysis of the experts’ questions revealed four common layers:
First level: normative correctness versus “the client’s wishes”. In practice, a simple but fundamental question keeps returning: in a private engagement, can a client request that something be included or omitted when the legal framework for a given type of valuation requires it?
Second level: methodological transparency of the expert report. It is not about the length of the text, but about the architecture of the expert’s procedure—what exactly belongs in the sections describing the selection of sources, data collection and processing, analysis and results, interpretation, and the checking/verification of the procedure.
Third level: defending the expert in an adversarial environment. Today, experts often act not only as specialists, but also as “witnesses to methodology”: they must be able to respond to questions that are substantively empty, deliberately confusing, or demeaning.
Fourth level: professional strategy and the future of the field. The dilemma faced by early-career experts—narrow specialization versus a broader remit—reappears, compounded by the prospect of digitization in construction (BIM) and by the question of what an experienced expert would do differently today if they were starting over.
21. 1. 2026
4.-5. 12. 2025
5. 12. 2025
28. 11. 2025
11. 11. 2025
10. 11. 2025
29. 10. 2025
13. 10. 2025
16.-18. 6. 2025
16.-18. 6. 2025
20. 6. 2025
22. 5. 2025
15. 4. 2025
31. 3. 2025
19. 2. 2025
12. 2. 2025
7. 2. 2025
20. 1. 2025
21. 12. 2024
29. 11. 2024
7. 11. 2024
We have prepared a seminar in which we will explain the compulsory procedure of the expert to attorneys and law clerks. Participants will undergo practical training in which they will acquire the ability to recognize the deficiencies of an expert’s report that prevent its reviewability.
The seminar will be led by a member of our Institute, Dr. Jiří Závora, the author of the expert’s procedure in the new regulation of expert activities.
20. 10. 2024
Together with the Faculty of Civil Engineering at Brno University of Technology, we have produced a podcast miniseries dedicated to new candidates for the expert stamp. The podcast features 4 members or chairmen of the examination committees, doc. Zdeněk Dufek, doc. Tomáš Krabec, Dr. Lukáš Dřínovský and a member of our institute, Dr. Jiří Závora, who is the author of the new expert witness procedure. The expert procedure is intended to improve the reviewability of expert reports. All four experts are prominent personalities in the field of Czech expert witnessing with unique experience.
You can already listen to the first episode on Spotify and YouTube.
17. 9. 2024
29. 8. 2024
At the end of August, the 19th European Council for High Ability (ECHA) Conference took place in Thessaloniki. At the conference, the lead author, Jana Pleskotová, presented a case study of a ten-year-old boy with exceptional ability. The co-authors were members of the Institute, Hana Sirotková and Jiří Závora. The poster was well received. Among other conference participants, our poster caught the attention of the president of ECHA and the organisers of the next ECHA 2025 conference to be held in Karlstad. Thanks to Jana for a great representation!
26. 8. 2024
6. 5. 2024
30. 4. 2024
23. 4. 2024
18. 4. 2024
4. 4. 2024
27. 3. 2024
20. 3. 2024
5. 2. 2024
24. 1. 2024
21. – 23. 9. 2023
For the students of the Master Forensic Science programme we arranged a three-day internship which included lectures on the new regulation of expert performance in the Czech Republic (Dr. Závora), on the interdisciplinary project on speaker identification (Mgr. Skořepa) and on the falsity of expert opinion in the decision-making practice of courts in the Czech Republic (Mgr. Nováková).
23.5.2023
Dr. Jiří Závora held a lecture for the judges of the Kralovehradecky region in Kroměříž on the structural concept of reviewability in the new regulation of expert performance
April 2023
March 2023
Dr. Jiří Závora published a study in the prestigious law journal AUCI (SCOPUS) in which he interpreted the broader meaning of the structural concept of the reviewability of expert’s report. The codification of the expert’s procedure (§ 52 Regulation No. 503/2020 SB) and the requirements of an expert’s report (§ 41 Regulation No. 503/2020 SB) was based on Dr. Závora’s study published in 2017.
November 2022
Participation in the panel discussion Interpreter is also just a person – Ethical, professional and psychosocial risks of the interpreting profession
June 2022
Procedure of the expert according to the new regulation of expert performance
October 2021
Comment on President Miloš Zeman’s signature on the document convening the session of the Chamber of Deputies
The previous legal regulation of expert performance did not provide sufficient conditions for the expert report assessment. Based on the assignment of the Ministry of Justice of the Czech Republic, a study proposing a structure-based expert procedure was formulated by a member of our institute Dr. Jiří Závora.
Institute of Forensic Sciences Prague – justification is essential…
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